Imithetho emitsha ye-EU iyaqala ukusebenza! Ngaba usakhuphisana ngokusebenza okukhanyayo? Musa ukuvumela izibane "ezingasuswayo" zivale indlela yakho kwamanye amazwe
Njengoko i-Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) ehlaziyiweyo ye-EU iphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo ngoMeyi ka-2026, kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuqhubekayo kwe-Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) eyaziswa ngo-2024, imithetho yokufikelela kwimarike yokukhanyisa ye-EU itshintshe kakhulu kwaye iphazamisa. Isalathisi esinye sokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla asiseyona ndlela yokufikelela kuphela. Utshintsho lwenzekile ukusuka "ekuthobeleni ukusebenza" ukuya kukhuphiswano olupheleleyo "lokuzinza + ubukrelekrele." Uvavanyo lozinzo olugubungela umjikelo wobomi bemveliso epheleleyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa okukrelekrele luba "ziitikiti zokungena" eziphambili kunye nemigangatho yokungena yamashishini aseTshayina angena kwi-EU.
I. Imithetho emibini: Ukwakhiwa ngokutsha kwe-EU Market Access Logic
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ukuqonda kweenkampani zasekhaya ukuthobela imithetho kwimarike yokukhanyisa ye-EU kugxile kwiimfuno zokusebenzisa amandla kakuhle ze-ErP Ecodesign Directive, kwakheka indlela yokucinga engaguqukiyo yokuba "ukuhlangabezana nokusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo = ukuthobela umthetho wokungena kwimarike." Nangona kunjalo, le ngqiqo iye yasilela ngokupheleleyo kwimarike yangoku ye-EU.
Umthetho wemarike yokukhanyisa ye-EU ngoku uqulathe iinkqubo ezimbini zolawulo ezihambelanayo nezinxulumene kakhulu eziguqule ngokupheleleyo ingqiqo esisiseko yokufikelela kwimarike: enye yi-EPBD ezayo, edala ngokuthe ngqo imfuno yemarike eqinileyo yokukhanya okukrelekrele kwaye igqibezele utshintsho kwingqiqo yemarike ukusuka "kokuzikhethela" ukuya "kumgangatho onyanzelekileyo"; enye yi-ESPR, esebenza njengoyilo oluphezulu, oluthatha indawo ye-EcoDesign Directive yangaphambili. Yandisa umda wolawulo ukusuka kwimveliso enye enxulumene namandla ukuya phantse kuzo zonke iimpahla ezibonakalayo. Iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo oluphambili ziphuculwe ukusuka kwipharamitha enye yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ukuya kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza kozinzo kwemveliso kulo lonke umjikelo wayo wobomi.
Olu asilohlaziyo oluqhelekileyo lolawulo, kodwa lulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwenkqubo yonke yokufikelela kwimarike. Kumashishini okukhanyisa aseTshayina, oku kuthetha ukuba indlela yokhuphiswano lwaphesheya itshintshe ngokupheleleyo: ngaphambili, iinkampani bezikhuphisana ngezakhono zokuvelisa ezisebenza kakuhle, iindleko, kunye namandla okuvelisa. Kwixesha elizayo, ziya kukhuphisana ngezakhono ezibanzi, kubandakanya ukuhlanganiswa okukrelekrele, uyilo oluluhlaza olujikelezayo ubomi bonke, ukulandelelwa kwekhonkco lokubonelela, kunye nokuthobela imithetho yedijithali.
II. Isebenza ngoMeyi: I-EPBD itsala umda oyimfuneko wokukhanyisa okukrelekrele
NgoMeyi 2026, i-EPBD ehlaziyiweyo iza kuqala ukusebenza ngokusesikweni. Olu luvavanyo lokuqala nolungxamisekileyo lokuthobela imithetho olujongene namashishini okukhanyisa aseTshayina aya phesheya kulo nyaka. Iimfuno zalo ezinyanzelekileyo ziguqula ngokuthe ngqo ingqiqo yendabuko yokuba "imveliso yokukhanyisa enye inokungena kwimarike ukuba iyahlangabezana nemigangatho."
Iimfuno eziphambili zemithetho emitsha zicacile kakhulu: zonke izakhiwo zorhwebo ezintsha kwi-EU kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokulawula ukukhanya ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokuzenzekelayo zokwakha. Eli candelo liguqula ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanya okukrelekrele ukusuka kukhetho olongeziweyo ukuya kumgangatho oqinileyo weeprojekthi ezintsha zorhwebo, nto leyo etsala umda omtsha wokungena kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa:
●Ukuhlanganiswa kweNkqubo: Iimveliso azisezona yunithi zokukhanyisa ezizimeleyo. Kufuneka zibe nobuchule obuphambili bokunxibelelana kunye nokudibanisa, okuvumela unxibelelwano olungenamthungo kwinkqubo yolawulo olukrelekrele iyonke yesakhiwo ukuze kufezekiswe ukufiphala okuguquguqukayo, ukujonga ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nolawulo olukrelekrele olusekelwe kubukho bomntu kunye nokukhanya kwendalo.
●Ukusebenzisana: Imigangatho yobugcisa kufuneka ifezekiswe, igxile kwi-Smart Readiness Indicator (SRI) ye-EU kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano jikelele ezifana neMatter ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kwemveliso.
●Imigangatho yoMqhubi: Umqhubi kufuneka ahlangabezane neemfuno eziyimfuneko ze-D4i Gen 2. Oku kudlula ngaphaya kokunciphisa amandla okusisiseko kwe-DALI ukuya kubandakanya ukulinganisa amandla kunye nokukwazi ukuxilonga iimpazamo okuhambelana ne-DALI Part 250–253. Ngaphezu koko, umqhubi kufuneka afakwe ngokuzimeleyo kusetyenziswa ii-terminals ezixhunywayo kwaye akanakwabelana ngendlela yolawulo lobushushu ne-LED module.
Kwinani elikhulu lamashishini asekhaya avelisa ngokuyintloko iimveliso zokukhanyisa zendabuko okanye ezilula, le mfuneko ithetha ukuba ukuba ayasilela ukufezekisa uphuculo olukrelekrele kunye nokudibanisa inkqubo, nokuba izalathisi zokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ziphezulu, akanakungena kwimarike ephambili yezakhiwo ezintsha zorhwebo ze-EU, nto leyo ebabeka emngciphekweni wokukhutshwa kuluhlu lokuthengwa kwempahla oluqhelekileyo.
Isakhelo se-III.ESPR Siqinisekisa: Ukuzinza koMjikelo woBomi obupheleleyo Kuba yiNto ephambili yokuThotyelwa kweMithetho
Ukuba i-EPBD ibeka umgca obomvu wokufikelela ngobuchule, i-ESPR iyayila kwakhona ingqiqo esisiseko yokuthobela ukukhanyisa imveliso ukusuka kwimbono yoyilo oluphezulu. Ikwayindawo apho amashishini asekhaya anokungaqondani okukhulu kwaye angakulungelanga kangako.
Utshintsho oluphambili lwe-ESPR kukuba indawo yokuqala yomthetho wokuthobela imithetho ihanjiswa phambili ukusuka kuvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuya kwinqanaba loyilo lwemveliso. Ifuna amashishini ukuba aqwalasele impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yemveliso kuyo yonke inqanaba lobomi bayo kwinqanaba le-R&D, kubandakanya ukuqina, ukulungiswa, umxholo ophinda usetyenziswe, ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint, kunye nolawulo lwezinto ezinobungozi, endaweni yokugxila nje ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla okugqibela kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo.
Olu luphawu olucacileyo lwengqiqo yokuthobela imithetho phantsi kwesakhelo se-ESPR—xa itekhnoloji ye-LED icinezele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngexesha lesigaba sokusebenza ukuya kumda, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunye nenkunkuma yezixhobo ngexesha lokuvelisa nokulahla kuba yinto ephambili kumgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho olujikelezayo lwe-EU. Isizathu sokuba "ukuqhekeka" kuphuculwe ukusuka kukhetho lokuphucula imveliso ukuya kumda wokungena kwimarike enzima kukuba yeyona nto iphambili ekufezekiseni uzinzo lomjikelo wobomi obupheleleyo: kuphela xa iimveliso ziqhekeka kwaye zahlulwe apho zinokulungiswa, izinto zitshintshwe, kwaye zihlulwe ukuze ziphinde zisetyenziswe, ngokusisiseko kuncitshiswe inkunkuma ye-elektroniki kwaye kuncitshiswe imithwalo yokusingqongileyo. Olu lukhokelo oluphambili lwe-ESPR kunye nomgangatho wovavanyo lokulungiswa kwe-EN45554; ayisiyo "mqobo worhwebo ofihliweyo" obekwe yi-EU, kodwa yimfuneko engenakuphepheka yotshintsho oluluhlaza kushishino lokukhanyisa lwehlabathi.
Amatyala afunyenwe ngexesha lophando lwethu lwakutshanje kushishino kunye nokutyelela amashishini aphesheya anele ukuphelisa umbono wokuba "ukusebenza kakuhle kuqala" okubanjwe ziinkampani ezininzi, nto leyo esebenza njengesilumkiso esinamandla: a isibane esithe ngqo ngenkqubo esebenza kakuhle ekhanyayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-170 lm/W yalahlwa ngokuthe ngqo ngumthengi we-EU kwaye yafakwa kuluhlu olumnyama lokuthobela imarike ye-EU kuba imodyuli yayo ye-LED yayincamathiselwe kwitreyi ye-aluminiyam kwaye umqhubi wayenamatheliswe ngaphakathi komngxuma—oko kuthetha ukuba ukuqhaqha nokulungisa kuya kutshabalalisa isakhiwo sokuqala. Kwimithetho yemarike ye-EU ka-2026, ukuthobela le mveliso akwahlukanga kuleyo yemveliso engasebenzi kakuhle. Ukusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo yinto esisiseko nje; iimfuno zozinzo ezifana nokuqhekeka kunye nokulungiswa "ziivoti eziphambili" ezimisela ukungena kwimarike.
Ngokusekelwe kwisakhelo se-ESPR kunye nomgangatho wovavanyo lokulungiswa kwe-EN45554, imakethi ye-EU ibeke imida emine engenakugqithwa yeemveliso zokukhanyisa. Ngayinye inemigqaliselo ecacileyo eyimfuneko, imigangatho yovavanyo, kunye nemiphumo yokungathobeli. Nantsi inkcazelo eneenkcukacha:
●Iinxalenye Ezihlala Ixesha Elide (Indlu, Iireyile Zokufaka): Kufuneka zibe nobomi benkonzo obungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20, zihlale zizinzile emva kokufakwa, ziphinde zisetyenziswe, zithobele iimfuno zolawulo lwezinto ezinobungozi ze-EU RoHS 3.0, kwaye ziphumelele iimvavanyo zokuqina ezifana nokutshizwa ngetyuwa kunye nokuguga.
●Iinxalenye Ezisetyenziswayo (Itreyi Yegiya, Iimodyuli ze-LED, Abaqhubi): Kufuneka zenzelwe ukwahlukana okuzimeleyo. Kufuneka zisuswe kwaye zitshintshwe ngaphandle kwezixhobo zobungcali okanye kusetyenziswe isixhobo esinye esiqhelekileyo (umz., i-screwdriver yePhillips) ngaphandle kokonakalisa isakhiwo seenxalenye eziqinileyo okanye kuchaphazele ukufakwa nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elizayo.
●Ukusebenza Emva Kokutshintshwa: Emva kokutshintsha inxalenye esetyenziswayo, ukusebenza kwemveliso iyonke kufuneka kuhlangabezane namandla afanelekileyo e-EU kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza kakuhle, ngaphandle kokubona ukuwohloka kokukhanya, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okwandisiweyo, okanye iingozi zokhuseleko.
Iziphumo zokungathobeli imithetho: Iimveliso ezingenazo izakhiwo ezinamacala amabini, okanye ezifuna ukutshatyalaliswa kwesakhiwo kunye nezixhobo ezininzi ezikhethekileyo zokwahlulahlula, ziya kuthathwa njengezingathobeli imithetho. Ziya kuthintelwa kwimirhumo ye-EU, zingavumelekanga ukuthengiswa, kwaye zibuyiselwe. Iinkampani zinokujongana neentlawulo ezinkulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4% yengeniso yonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwimithetho yokunyanzelisa yamazwe angamalungu e-EU).
2. Ukuthobela iNkqubo: Umgaqo-nkqubo we-Zero-Glue uphunyezwe ngokupheleleyo (Ukuvalwa okunyanzelekileyo, akukho kukhululwa)
●Iinkqubo zokuBonda ezingavumelekanga (Zivaliwe ngaphandle kokukhetha): Iteyiphu eqhuba ubushushu enamacala amabini, iglu enyibilikayo eshushu, i-potting compound, kunye ne-cyanoacrylate (iglu ephezulu) azivumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuncamathisela imodyuli ye-LED kwitreyi ye-aluminiyam, itreyi yegiya kwi-housing, kunye nezixhobo ze-optical (iilensi, ii-diffusers) kwi-housing. Nokuba ukusetyenziswa okuncinci kuya kubangela ukuzimisela okungathobeliyo.
●Iinkqubo Ezihambelanayo Nemfuneko: Ukudibanisa kufuneka kusetyenziswe iindlela zokulungisa eziguqukayo ezifana neekliphu, izipringi, izikringi ezisemgangathweni, okanye iiphedi zobushushu ezingasebenzisi mafutha (ezisetyenziselwa ukudlulisa ubushushu kuphela, kungekhona ukubopha). Izikringi mazilandele ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-EU ukuze zisuswe lula ngezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. Izikringi kunye nezipringi mazigcine ukuthamba okwaneleyo kunye namandla okulungisa emva kwemijikelo engama-50 yokuqhaqha.
●Iimfuneko zoVavanyo: Iimveliso kufuneka ziphumelele uvavanyo lokuqhaqha oluvunyiweyo ngokusemthethweni, zingashiyi ntsalela okanye monakalo, kwaye zivumele ukuhlanganiswa kwakhona kwangoko okanye ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo.
Iziphumo zokungathobeli imithetho: Ukuba inkqubo yokubopha engavumelekanga ifunyenwe ngexesha lovavanyo, ukuthobela imithetho akusebenzi nokuba kukho ezinye izalathisi. Inkampani kufuneka ibuyise zonke iimveliso ezithunyelweyo kwaye iphinde izithumele ukuze zivavanye emva kokulungiswa. Ixesha lokulungisa alibalwa kwixesha lotshintsho, kwaye ilahleko ezivela kwimarike ephosiweyo kufuneka zithwalwe lishishini.
3. Ukuthobela i-Interface: Ukutshintshwa kwe-Standardized Interfaces (Uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko, akukho zikhetho)
●Isinxibelelanisi seModyuli yoMthombo wokukhanya: Kufuneka ihambelane ngokungqongqo nemigaqo ye-Zhaga Book 14, echaza ubukhulu be-PCB, imisebenzi ye-pin, kunye nemingxunya yokuyifaka. Izihlanganisi ezisemgangathweni mazisetyenziswe; ukutywina ngesandla okanye ii-interfaces ezenziwe ngokwezifiso akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo.
●Ujongano Lolwandiso: Kufuneka ugcine i-interface yokwandiswa kwe-sensor ehambelana ne-Zhaga Book 20 ukuze kudityaniswe i-sensors kwixesha elizayo (umz., i-apcuit okanye i-daylight sensors) ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nokuphuculwa kwe-automation yesakhiwo. I-interface kufuneka ifikeleleke lula kwaye ingafihlwa.
●Ujongano lomqhubi: Kufuneka usebenzise ujongano olunokuxhunywa, olusemgangathweni oluhambelana nemigangatho ye-DALI Part 250–253 ukuvumela ukutshintshwa ngokuthe ngqo kwabaqhubi abaneenkcukacha ezifanayo ngaphandle kokutshintsha ii-wiring okanye iiparameter zokulungisa.
Iziphumo zokungathobeli imithetho: Iimveliso ezingasebenzisi iindlela zokunxibelelana ezihambelana neZhaga okanye ezisebenzisa uyilo olungahambelaniyo nemigangatho ziya kuthathwa njengezingenakutshintshwa kwaye ziya kuthintelwa ukungena kwimarike ye-EU. Iimveliso esele zithengiswa ziya kurhoxiswa, kwaye inkampani iya kubekwa kuluhlu lwesilumkiso sokuthobela imithetho ye-EU ukuze kuhlolwe ngokungqongqo kwixesha elizayo.
4. Ukuthobela iMithetho yeDijithali: Ipasipoti yeMveliso yeDijithali (i-DPP) iyimfuneko (Into enyanzelekileyo, akukho zithintelo)
●Iimfuneko zeKhowudi yeQR: Umzimba wemveliso kufuneka ukrolwe nge-laser ngekhowudi ye-GS1 Digital Link format QR kwindawo ebonakala ngokucacileyo, engagugiyo. Kufuneka iphumelele uvavanyo lokuqina lweminyaka eli-10 (ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, ukucoca, kunye nokwahlulahlula) ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyaskenwa. Izitikha okanye ushicilelo olufihlwe lula aluvumelekanga ngokungqongqo.
●Ulwazi oluQhagamshelweyo lweKhowudi yeQR (Kufuneka lube lubanzi): Ukuskena ikhowudi kufuneka kunike idatha yomjikelo wobomi bonke, kuquka amanyathelo okuqhaqha (enemizobo), imiyalelo yokwahlula inkunkuma (ukuchonga iindawo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe nezinobungozi), amanqaku okulungiswa kwe-EN45554 (kufuneka afikelele kwinqanaba eliphantsi lokupasa elingama-60), amakhonkco okuthenga iindawo ezingasetyenziswayo (aqondisa kwiitshaneli ze-EU ezineminyaka eyi-7 ubuncinane yokufumaneka kweendawo ezingasetyenziswayo), idatha ye-carbon footprint, kunye neengxelo zovavanyo lwezinto ezinobungozi.
●Iimfuneko zokubhala idatha: Idatha ye-GTIN esemgangathweni (iNombolo yeNto yoRhwebo lweHlabathi), amandla, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kufuneka ibhalwe kumqhubi ukuze kube lula ukuqinisekiswa nokuqinisekisa ukulandeleka.
●Iimfuneko zoHlaziyo: Ulwazi lwe-DPP kufuneka luhlaziywe zingadlulanga iintsuku ezisi-7 zokusebenza nanini na xa uyilo lwemveliso, inkqubo, okanye itshaneli yezixhobo ezingasetyenziswanga itshintsha.
Iziphumo zokungathobeli imithetho: Iimveliso ezingenayo i-DPP, okanye ezineekhowudi ze-QR ezingathobeliyo imithetho, ezingaphelelanga, okanye eziphelelwe lixesha, ziya kubanjwa yi-EU customs kwaye zingavunyelwa ukuba zingene kwimarike. Iimveliso ezikwimarike ziya kurhoxiswa, kwaye inkampani iya kuhlawuliswa isohlwayo kwaye ithwale iindleko ezipheleleyo zokulungiswa. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukungena kwimarike kunokuthintelwa iminyaka eli-1-3.
Isilumkiso: I-ESPR ngumgaqo-nkqubo osisiseko. IKhomishini yaseYurophu ibhala isicwangciso sayo somsebenzi sika-2025-2030 ukuze ichonge iindidi zeemveliso eziphambili. Nje ukuba abakhanyisi bongezwe kuluhlu lwezinto eziphambili, iinkampani ziya kuba nexesha lotshintsho lweenyanga ezili-18 kuphela emva kokuba umthetho upasisiwe ukuze kugqitywe utshintsho lwemveliso kunye nolweempahla. Ukulinda umthetho ukuba usebenze ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe inyathelo kuya kubangela ukuba uphoswe yifestile yemarike.
V. Indlela Yokuqhawula Ingxaki: Amaqhinga Amatsha Okuthobela Imithetho Kwiinkampani Zokukhanyisa ZaseTshayina
Ejongene nemithetho ehlengahlengisiweyo ngokupheleleyo yemarike ye-EU, amashishini okukhanyisa aseTshayina awasakwazi ukubambelela kwindlela endala yokucinga "yokuthobela imithetho ngokungakhathaliyo kunye nokulungiswa ngomzuzu wokugqibela." Kufuneka atshintshe ngokupheleleyo ukusuka ekuqondeni ukuya kwisenzo, atshintshe ukusuka ekuthumeleni iimveliso ezizimeleyo ukuya ekuthumeleni iinkqubo ezipheleleyo ukuze amise indawo eqinileyo kumjikelo omtsha wokhuphiswano lwemarike yehlabathi. Apha, sinikezela ngezikhokelo ezine eziphambili kushishino:
1. Hlaziya ukuqonda kwaye ulahle ingqiqo ezinzileyo ethi "Ukusebenza kakuhle okulingana nokuthobela imithetho": Inqanaba lokwenza izigqibo kufuneka lijongane notshintsho olusisiseko kwimithetho ye-EU, okwenza "ubukrelekrele + uzinzo" lube ngumxholo ophambili woPhando noPhuhliso lwemveliso kunye nolwakhiwo lwemarike. Misela inkqubo yokuthobela imithetho egubungela imigaqo, uphando nophuhliso, uthotho lokubonelela, kunye nemarike, itshintshe ukusuka kwimpendulo yokulawula engenzi nto ukuya ekuhambelaneni okusebenzayo neendlela zexesha elizayo ze-EU.
2. Yakha kwakhona iNkqubo yeMveliso ukusuka kwiSigaba soYilo kwaye usebenzise iiConcepts ze-Circular Economy: Ukuphendula kwimigaqo emitsha ye-EU, beka phambili ukuguqulwa kokuthobela imithetho yoyilo lwemveliso. Sebenzisa uyilo olunemigangatho emibini, iinkqubo ze-zero-glue, kunye noyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-interface kuzo zonke iimveliso. Phatha ukulungiswa, ukususwa, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe njengemilinganiselo ephambili yoyilo lwemveliso endaweni yokongezwa emva kophuhliso. Ukongeza, sebenzisa i-R&D yetekhnoloji ekrelekrele kwaye ufezekise ukuhambelana neenkqubo zonxibelelwano jikelele kunye neenkqubo zokwakha ezenzekelayo, utshintshe ukusuka ekuvelisweni okuzimeleyo ukuya ekuboneleleni ngezisombululo zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele.
3. Ukuphucula iNkqubo yeCandelo loNikezelo kunye nokuSeka amandla okuFumaneka okuZinzileyo: Eyona mfuneko iphambili ye-ESPR kunye ne-DPP kukucaca kolwazi kunye nokulandeleka kulo lonke uthotho lwexabiso. Amashishini kufuneka alungelelanise uthotho lwawo lokubonelela kwangaphambili kwaye akhe inkqubo yolawulo lwedatha olupheleleyo lwemithombo yezinto ezibonakalayo, ukubalwa kwe-carbon footprint, kunye nomlinganiselo womxholo ophinda usetyenziswe. Gxila kulawulo lwemilinganiselo ephinda isetyenzwe kunye nee-coefficients zokukhupha ikhabhoni kwizinto eziphambili ezifana ne-aluminium, kwaye wakhe inkqubo yonxibelelwano oluzinzileyo kunye nababoneleli abaphezulu ukuze baphathe uphicotho lokuthobela imithetho kwixesha elizayo.
4. Sebenzisa ngokukhutheleyo izakhono zokuthobela imithetho yedijithali kwaye ubambe ifestile yemarike: Ngokuphathelele iimfuno ze-DPP, amashishini kufuneka aseke inkqubo yolawulo lwedijithali ehambelanayo kwangaphambili, alungiselele amaxwebhu aqhelekileyo okuqhaqha imveliso, iinkqubo zezixhobo ezingasetyenziswayo, kunye nolwazi lokuphinda kusetyenziswe, asebenzise iimfuno zenkqubo ezifana nokukrola nge-QR code laser kunye nokubhala idatha yemveliso, kwaye enze inkqubo yobhaliso lwe-EPREL ibe semgangathweni ukuze kuthintelwe ukusilela kokuthobela imithetho ngenxa yokungahoywa okuncinci. Nokuba umthetho othile we-ESPR wee-luminaires awukagqitywa, iimfuno zokuthobela imithetho yedijithali kufuneka zidityaniswe kwinkqubo yemveliso ekhoyo ukuvumela ukulungiswa kobugcisa kunye nenkqubo kwangaphambili.
Utshintsho kwimithetho yemarike ye-EU, eyona nto iphambili, yindlela engenakuphepheka yokuba ishishini lokukhanyisa lehlabathi litshintshele kwimikhwa eluhlaza, ekrelekrele, nejikelezayo, kwaye ayilulo nje umqobo olula worhwebo. Ishishini lokukhanyisa laseTshayina linenkqubo yokubonelela ngeenkonzo epheleleyo kwihlabathi, amandla okuvelisa anamandla, kunye nesantya sokuphindaphinda ubuchwepheshe esikhawulezayo, nto leyo esithemba ngayo xa sisiya phesheya.
Ukuba nje amashishini oshishino anokuphuma kwiindlela zokuqonda ezisemgangathweni, amkele utshintsho lwemithetho ngokukhawuleza, adibanise uyilo oluluhlaza kunye netekhnoloji ekrelekrele, kunye notshintsho ukusuka "kubavelisi bemveliso" ukuya "kubaboneleli ngeenkonzo zesisombululo sokukhanyisa esijikelezayo ubomi bonke," ngokuqinisekileyo baya kufikelela kwinqanaba "lokuvelisa ngaphandle" ukuya "ukuthumela ngaphandle uphawu" phakathi kwehlabathi lonke, befumana isikhundla esiphambili kwimarike yezibane ephezulu yehlabathi.